Earth Sciences

The Earth Has Experienced a Worldwide Flood

This  is  the  one  chapter  where  I  disagree  with  Walt  Brown,  as  to  WHEN  the  earth  was  covered  with  water.  The  reader  should  study  the  studies  on  my  website  under "Noah's  Flood  was  not  Worldwide"  -  Keith Hunt

Noah's Ark Probably Exists.^a

The precise location of the Ark is an open question. While most sightings point to Mount Ararat in eastern Turkey, consideration should also be given to a few nearby mountains in western Iran. The following are the more credible claimed sightings. Some are undoubtedly mistaken. The search continues.

(I'M  GLAD  WALT  BROWN  STARTED  WITH  THIS  SENTENCE;  FOR  THERE  ARE  MANY  MISTAKES  IN  PUTTING  THE  WORLDWIDE  FLOOD  IN  THE  DAYS  OF  NOAH.  THERE  WAS  A  GLOBAL  FLOOD  INDEED,  BUT  IT  WAS  AS  STATED  IN  GENESIS  1:1-2.  WE  ARE  BROUGHT  ON  THE  EARTH'S  SCENE  WHEN  IT  WAS  INDEED  COVERED  WITH  WATER,  WHICH  WAS  NOT  THE  ORIGINAL  WAY  GOD  CREATED  THE  EARTH.  MUCH  OF  WHAT  WALT  BROWN  BRINGS  FORTH  IS  BETTER  IN  THE  CONTEXT  OF  THE  HORRIFIC  BATTLE  BETWEEN  SATAN  AND  HIS  DEMONS  AND  GOD  AND  THE  RIGHTEOUS  ANGELS,  IN  WHICH  THIS  LUSH  DINOSAUR  WORLD  WAS  OBLITERATED,  AND  THE  EARTH  VIOLENTLY  COVERED  WITH  WATER  -  Keith Hunt)

94. Ancient Historians

Ancient historians, such as Josephus, the Jewish-Roman historian, and his earlier historical sources, wrote that the Ark existed. Marco Polo also wrote that the Ark was reported to be on a very high mountain in central Armenia.³ From A.D. 200 to 1700, more than a dozen other Christian and Jewish leaders wrote that the Ark was still preserved, although few claimed to have seen it.

(SAYING  THE  ARK  EXISTS  IS  ONE  THING;  PROVING  IT  DOES  IS  QUITE  ANOTHER  THING.  NO  ONE  HAS  YET  PROVED  IT  BEYOND  ANY  DOUBT  -  Keith Hunt)

95. British Scientists

In about 1856, three skeptical British scientists and two Armenian guides climbed Mount Ararat to show that the Ark did not exist. Allegedly, the Ark was found, and the British scientists threatened to kill the guides if they reported the find. Years later, one of the Armenians (then living in the United States) and one of the British scientists independently reported they had found the Ark.

(I  FIND THIS  HARD  TO  BELIEVE  THAT  SUCH  EVER  HAPPENED.  IF  IT  WAS  SO,  SURELY  WITH  MODERN  TECHNOLOGY [that  a  group  of  Christians  could  put  together;  some  Christians  and/or  Christian  groups  have  much  money]  A  CHRISTIAN  GROUP  COULD  USE  TO  FINALLY  PROVE  THE  ARK  REALLY  WAS  ON  MOUNT  ARARAT  -  NONE  HAVE  HAD  THE  COURAGE  TO  REALLY  PROVE  IT  IS  THERE;  PROBABLY  SCARED  TO  FIND  THEY  ARE  PROVED  WRONG;  SO  A  CHALLENGE  TO  CHRISTIANITY  IS  WHAT  I  GIVE  -  PROVE  IT  ONE  WAY  OR  THE  OTHER  -  Keith Hunt)

Figure 36: Mount Ararat in Eastern Turkey. The 17,000-foot peak of Greater Ararat is just above my head. Even in August, snow and ice cover the top 3,000 feet. For one week in 1990, this Soviet helicopter and its crew flew our eight-man team over and around Ararat. Evaporation from the ice cap produces clouds around the peak for most of the day— complicating the search for the Ark. Another difficulty is the hostility between Kurds who live in this region and the Turkish government. Both sides claim control over the mountain and insist that only their exploration permits are valid.

(A  NICE  WAY  TO  SAY  THEY  NEVER  FOUND  IT.  HAS  ANYONE  EVER  TRIED  USING  XRAY  OR  SPACE-AGE  TECHNOLOGY  TO  SEE  WHAT  IS  UNDER  THE  SNOW?  Keith Hunt)

96. James Bryce

Sir James Bryce, a noted British scholar and traveler of the mid-nineteenth century conducted extensive library research concerning the Ark. He became convinced that the Ark was preserved on Mount Ararat. Finally in 1876, he climbed Ararat and found, at the 13,000-foot level (2,000 feet above the timberline), a piece of hand-tooled wood, four feet long, that he believed might be from the Ark.

(NOTICE  "HE  BELIEVED  MIGHT  BE  FROM  THE  ARK."  DOES  ANYONE  HAVE  A  FULL  HISTORY  OF  THAT  MOUNTAIN  FROM  ALL  AGES  PAST,  AND  WHAT  AND  WHO  MAY  HAVE  BEEN  UP  THERE  IN  AGES  PAST?  NOPE  DO  NOT  THINK  SO  -  Keith Hunt)

Turkish Commissioners

In 1883, a series of newspaper articles reported that a team of Turkish commissioners, while investigating avalanche conditions on Mount Ararat, unexpectedly came upon the Ark projecting out of melting ice after an unusually warm summer. They claimed they entered and examined part of the Ark.

(COULD  THIS  SO-CALLED  HAPPENING  SIMPLY  VANISH FROM  HISTORY,  THAT  NO  CHRISTIAN  GROUPS  HAVE  SINCE  DONE  AN  EXTENSIVE  SEARCH  WITH  MODERN  TECHNOLOGY….. JUST  DOES  NOT  ADD  UP  TO  ME  -  Keith Hunt)

98. George Hagopian

In an unusually warm summer (about 1904), a 10-year-old Armenian boy, George Hagopian, and his uncle climbed Mount Ararat and supposedly reached the Ark. The boy climbed on top of it and described the structure as a flat-bottomed, petrified barge without nails. It had many windows on top, each "big enough for a cow to walk through." [See Figures 38 and 40.] Two years later, Hagopian again visited the Ark. Shortly before his death in 1972, his detailed testimony was tape recorded. This recording has undergone voice analyzer tests which gave no indication of lying.

^{(AGAIN  I  FIND  THIS  ALL  TOO  UNREAL,  AND  IF  REAL  WAS  IT  REALLY  NOAH'S ARK?  WHY  WOULD  THE  WINDOWS  BE  BIG  ENOUGH  FOR  A  COW  TO  WALK  THROUGH;  FOR  SAFETY,  WHY  HAVE  WINDOWS  SO  LARGE?  AND  NO  CHRISTIAN  GROUP  EVER  WENT  WITH  HIM  FROM  1906  TILL  HIS  DEATH  IN  1972….. SEEMS  VERY  UNLIKELY  CHRISTIANITY  WOULD  SIT  BY  AND  NOT  WANT  [SOME  GROUP]  TO  GO  WITH  HIM,  TO  AT  LEAST  MARK  THE  AREA  -  Keith Hunt)}

99. Russian Expeditions

A Russian pilot flying over Ararat in World War I (1916) thought he saw the Ark. News of his discovery reached the Czar, who sent two large expeditions to the site. The soldiers found and explored the boat, but before they could report to the Czar, the Russian Revolution of 1917 began. Their report disappeared, and the soldiers scattered. Some eventually reached the United States and Canada. Although a much later magazine account had a few fictional elements, further investigations have confirmed the primary details. In February 2000, Joseph Kulik, an alleged expedition member, was interviewed. Details he provided duplicate those in other accounts.

^{(THEY  FOUND  AND  EXPLORED  THE  BOAT?  BUT…..THE  RUSSIAN  REVOLUTION  GOT  IN  THE  WAY?  GIVE  ME  A  BREAK!  WHY  DID  NOT  SOME  CHRISTIAN  NATION [OR  GROUP]  LIKE  BRITAIN [WHEN  SHE  WAS  CHRISTIAN  BACK  THEN]  GO  TO  EXPLORE  IT  ALL.  SEEMS  LIKE  MANY  BACK  THEN  1900-1916  WERE  SUPPOSEDLY  FINDING  THE  ARK.  SURELY  SUCH  STORIES  WOULD  HAVE  REACHED  THE  WESTERN  NATIONS,  AND  CHRISTIAN  NATIONS  OR  GROUPS  WOULD  HAVE  BEEN  FLOCKING  THERE  TO  REALLY  PROVE  IT  -  Keith Hunt)}

100. Ed Davis

In July 1943, Ed Davis, a sergeant in the U.S. Army, was stationed in Iran. There he developed a close friendship with some Lur tribesmen who said they knew the location of Noah's Ark. (The Lurs are related to the Kurds.) When Davis asked to see the Ark, they first took him to their village. There Davis claims he saw items from the Ark: a cage door, latches, a metal hammer, dried beans, shepherd staffs, oil lamps, bowls, and pottery jars still containing honey. This Muslim tribe considered it a religious duty to prevent outsiders from seeing the Ark, even if killing was necessary. However, their close friendship with Davis made him an exception.

Tribal leader Abas-Abas and his seven sons took Davis on a three-day climb up the northeast side of what Davis thought-was Mount Ararat. (Based on Davis⁵ description of

Figure 37: Ed Davis with Elfred Lee in 1986. Artist Elfred Lee (right) drew this picture based on the claimed eyewitness account of Ed Davis (left). In 1970, Lee also drew a picture of the Ark in the presence of another claimed eyewitness, George Hagopian. (The Ark depicted on page 47 is based on Lee's drawing for Hagopian.) Because both Hagopian and Davis were present as Lee made each drawing, they requested many on-the-spot changes. As Lee was completing Davis¹ drawing, he suddenly felt that each man was describing the same object. This, Lee said, made the hair on the back of his neck stand up.

his trip, he probably was on a mountain in northwestern Iran.)^a Steep, slick rocks, made worse by cold rain, prevented them from getting closer than one-half mile from the Ark. Two broken portions of the Ark, lying on their sides and one-third of a mile apart, were visible during moments when fog and clouds lifted. Wooden beams, three decks, and rooms were seen. Abas-Abas told Davis other details: the Arks wood was extremely hard; wooden pegs were used in its construction instead of nails; its large, side door opened from the bottom outward (like a garage door); and the human quarters consisted of 48 compartments in the middle of the top deck. In 1986, several dozen Ark researchers questioned Davis extensively, and in 1989 he passed a lie detector test.(On two occasions, once in his home, I also questioned Davis.)

(HOW  MUCH  CAN  YOU  REALLY  SEE  FROM  HALF  A  MILE  AWAY?  ITEMS  FROM  THE  ARK?  I  DOUBT  IT  VERY  MUCH.  THE  CHRISTIAN  WORLD  WOULD  IN  THE  LATE  1940s  and  1950s  SURELY  HAVE  SENT  PEOPLE  TO  INVESTIGATE  SUCH  OBJECTS  SUPPOSEDLY  FROM  NOAH'S  ARK.  PASSING  A  LIE  DETECTOR  IS  EASY  IF  YOU  REALLY  BELIEVE  WHAT  YOU  SAW  WAS  PARTS  OF  NOAH'S  ARK  BECAUSE  YOU  WANTED  TO  BELIEVE  IT,  AND  THAT  FROM  1/2  A  MILE  AWAY.  THE  STORIES  FROM  THE  EARLY  1900s  ABOUT  THE  WOOD,  WOODEN  PEGS  AND  THIS  AND  THAT  WERE  I'M  SURE  STILL  CIRCULATING  IN  THE  LOCAL  POPULATION.  AS  PREVIOUSLY  SAID  NOTHING  COULD  BE  SEEN  IN  THAT  1990  WEEK  HELICOPTER  JOURNEYS.  AND  OBVIOUSLY  NO  CHRISTIAN  GROUP  HAS  TRIED  TO  EXPLORE  SINCE  1990;  IF  THEY  HAVE  THEY  FOUND  NOTHING,  OR  IT  WOULD  HAVE  BEEN  WORLDWIDE  NEWS,  ESPECIALLY  IN  THE  FUNDAMENTAL  CHRISTIAN  GROUPS.  Keith Hunt)

101. George Greene

George Greene, an oil geologist, reportedly took several photographs of the Ark in 1953 from a helicopter. After returning to the United States, Greene showed his photographs to many people but could not raise financial backing for a ground-based expedition. Finally, he went to South America where he was killed. Although his pictures have not been found, more than 30 people have given sworn, written testimony that they saw these photographs that clearly showed the Ark protruding from melting ice at the edge of a precipice.

(IN  THE  EARLY  1950s  I  SAW  IN  A  BRITISH  PAPER  A  PHOTO  FROM  RUSSIAN  PLANES,  OF  WHAT  CERTAIN  ONES  SAID  WAS  THE  PROTRUDING  OUT  OF  THE  SNOW  -  NOAH'S  ARK.  YOU  HAD  TO  IMAGINE  A  LOT,  AS  IT  COULD  HAVE  BEEN  A  ROCK  FORMATION.  I  NEVER  HEARD  THE  CHRISTIAN  WORLD,  ESPECIALLY  FUNDAMENTAL  CHRISTIAN  GROUPS  TRYING  TO  SEND  ANY  EXPEDITIONS  TO  VERIFY  IT  -  Keith Hunt)

The CIA's "Ararat Anomaly"

In 1974, during a private meeting with William Colby, Director of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), I asked if he was aware of the claimed sightings of Noah's Ark. He said he was not. After summarizing several "sightings," I stated that a dangerous and expensive search, for an object with profound international importance, could be done safely and cheaply with technology Colby controlled. Perhaps the CIA already had information in its files that could help in this search.

This is probably not the Ark, because it has too little in common with the most credible sightings, especially its specific location on Ararat. Nevertheless, whenever the Turkish government gives permission, an expedition can go to the location of the "Ararat Anomaly" (39.703°N, 44.275°E, 15,300 feet elevation) and dig into the ice. Unfortunately, the Kurdish rebellion in eastern Turkey and the Turkish military's tight control have prevented access to important areas on Mount Ararat.

(A  WEAK  ARGUMENT  ABOUT  TURKEY.  I'M  SURE  TODAY  AND  FOR  THE  LAST  DECADE  OR  MORE,  THE  MODERN  NATION  OF  TURKEY  WOULD  GRANT  AN  EXPEDITION.  AND  THERE  SHOULD  BE  MORE  THAN  ENOUGH  MONEY  TO  GIVE  TURKEY  AND  COVER  EXPENSES  FOR  AN  EXPEDITION,  FROM  WEALTHY  FUNDAMENTAL  CHRISTIAN  PEOPLE  AND/OR  GROUPS.  Keith Hunt)

Weeks later, I was contacted by a man I will call H.S. He said that Director Colby asked him to see if any information could be provided. In our discussions, H.S. asked many questions. About a year later he called to say his work was completed and to invite me to CIA headquarters in Langley, Virginia. In his office, H.S. said he had examined all photography of the Mount Ararat region. He could not be sure if an object he was seeing was the Ark or a rock. I asked H.S. if, after studying the information on the various claimed sightings, he thought the Ark was on Ararat. He said, "Yes." I asked why, because he had just told me that no photographs clearly showed the Ark. H.S. responded, "There is too much smoke for there not to be fire." I had great confidence in his analytical rigor and candor. Suggestions that any agency of the U.S. government would (or could for long) withhold conclusive evidence that Noah's Ark exists are implausible.

(NOPE  SOMETIMES  SMOKE  IS  ALL  YOU  GET,  WITH  NO  FIRE;  THE  FIRE  GONE  OUT  LONG  BEFORE,  BUT  THE  SMOKE  OF  STORIES  OF  "MAYBE  I  SAW"  OR  THINGS  TAKEN  FROM  THE  ARK  AS  GIVEN  ABOVE,  ARE  OFTEN  JUST  SMOKE  OF  NOTORIETY  SEEKING  PEOPLE  -  Keith Hunt)

[For details on what follows, see Timothy W Maier, "Anomaly or Noah's Ark?" Insight, 20 November 2000, pp. 10-14, 25-27.] The CIA calls this object the "Ararat Anomaly." It was first photographed by a fixed-wing aircraft in 1949 and later by a U-2 in 1956. Satellites photographed it in 1973, 1976, 1990, and 1992. Some of the low-resolution, 1949 photographs have been released to the public, thanks to the efforts of law professor Porcher Taylor. In 1999 and 2000, private funds paid for the best private sector satellite (IKONOS) to photograph the object at a resolution of 1 meter. (Some CIA photographs had a 6-inch resolution— enough magnification to see a soccer ball from space.)

Insight asked seven diverse photo analysts to independently study the available low-resolution photographs. Two analysts said it was likely a rock, four said it could be a man-made object, and one called the evidence inconclusive. Some factors considered were: shape, dimensions, shadows, color, surface texture, thermal characteristics, nearby snow and rock patterns, and possible movement of the object.

(SHOWING  VERY  UNCERTAIN  IMAGES  IF  PEOPLE  COULD  STILL  NOT  AGREE  AS  TO  WHAT  THEY  WERE  LOOKING  AT.  ALL  VERY  WEAK  EVIDENCE  THAT  GOD  HAD  DELIBERATELY  PRESERVED  NOAH'S  ARK  TO  BE  FOUND  IN  THE  MODERN  LAST  DAYS,  TO  GIVE  SOME  SORT  OF  PROOF  OF  THE  BIBLE.  WE  DO  NOT  NEED  NOAH'S  ARK  TO  PROVE  ANYTHING.  YOU  PROVE  GOD  EXISTS;  YOU  PROVE  THE  BIBLE  IS  HIS  INSPIRED  WORD;  YOU  KNOW  THERE  WAS  AN  ARK  JUST  AS  THE  BIBLE  RELATES.  Keith  Hunt)

The Ark's Dimensions "300 "cubits Iong - 500 feet"

(VERY  QUESTIONABLE  INDEED;  WILL  SAY  MORE  LATER  ON  THE  "CUBIT"  -  Keith Hunt)

Figure 39: Chinese Word for Boat. Classical Chinese, dating to about 2500 B.C., is one of the oldest languages known. Its "words," called pictographs, are often composed of smaller symbols that themselves have meaning and together tell a story. For example, the classical Chinese word for boat, shown above, is composed of the symbols for "vessel," "eight," and "mouth" or "person." Why would the ancient Chinese refer to a boat as "eight-person-vessel"? How many people were on the Ark?

(TRUE  INDEED;  STORIES  OF  THERE  BEING  A  NOAH'S  ARK  HAVE  BEEN  HANDED  DOWN  THROUGH  MANY  PEOPLES.  I  GUESS  SO;  THIS  EVENT  IN  HISTORY  WAS  HUGE  FOR  THE  HUB  OF  THAT  WORLD.  WHEN  YOU  UNDERSTAND  NOAH'S  FLOOD  WAS  RELIGION  AND  NOT  WORLDWIDE,  YOU  UNDERSTAND  IT  WAS  THE  HUB  OF  THE  THEN  WICKED  WORLD  THAT  WAS  DESTROYED;  PEOPLES  ON  THE  OUTSKIRTS,  WOULD  HAVE  KNOWN  ABOUT  IT,  AND  AS  PEOPLE  SPREAD  FURTHER  AWAY  THEY  WOULD  HAVE  TAKEN  THE  TRUE  STORY  EVENT  WITH  THEM,  THOUGH  THROUGH  TIME  IT  VARIED  IN  DIFFERENT  WAYS  WITH  DIFFERENT  NATIONS  -  Keith Hunt)

102. Gregor Schwinghammer

Gregor Schwinghammer claims he saw the Ark from an F-100 aircraft in the late 1950s, while assigned to the 428th Tactical Fighter Squadron based in Adana, Turkey. Schwinghammer said it looked like an enormous boxcar lying in a gully high up on Mount Ararat. He said U-2 pilots had photographed it.

Note: Many others claim to have seen the Ark. Some stories are of questionable validity, and others are inconsistent with many known details. Only the most' credible are summarized above.

(AND  IT  WAS  NOT  THE  FIRST  TIME  A  PHOTO  WAS  GIVEN  OUT;  ALL  VERY  UNCLEAR  AS  TO  WHAT  IT  REALLY  WAS;  THE  SIDE  OF  A  PART  MOUNTAIN  ROCK  FACE  COULD  GIVE  THE  IMPRESSION  OF  A  LARGE  BOXCAR.  YOU  SEE  HOW  MANY  STORIES  ETC.  HAVE  BEEN  GIVEN  OVER  TIME,  ADMITTED  TO  BE  QUESTIONABLE  AND  INCONSISTENT.  I  SUBMIT  THEY  ALL  ARE  QUESTIONABLE  -  IF  GOD  WANTED  US  TO  DISCOVER  NOAH'S  ARK  IN  THE  LAST  100  YEARS  OR  SO,  WE  UNQUESTIONABLY  WOULD  HAVE  -  Keith  Hunt)

Many of the Earth's Previously Unexplained Features Can Be Explained by a Cataclysmic Flood.

The origin of each of the following is a subject of controversy within the earth sciences. Each has many aspects inconsistent with standard explanations. Yet all appear to be consequences of a sudden and unrepeatable event—a cataclysmic flood whose waters erupted from interconnected, worldwide subterranean chambers with an energy release exceeding the explosion of 300 trillion hydrogen bombs. Consequences of this event included the rapid formation of the features listed below. The mechanisms involved are well understood.

For details on the above, see pages 103-313.

(I  HAVE  NO  PROBLEM  WITH  ANY  OF  THE  ABOVE  CONNECTED  IN  CERTAIN  WAYS  WITH  A  WORLDWIDE  FLOOD.  BUT  THE  AUTHOR  AND  ONES  LIKE  HIM,  HAVE  THE  GLOBAL  FLOOD  IN  THE  WRONG  PLACE.  IT  WAS  NOT  AT  NOAH'S  TIME,  BUT  IN  GENESIS  1:1-2.  NOTE  ABOVE  WHAT  THE  AUTHOR  SAYS  ABOUT  THE  DESTRUCTIVE  FORCE  -  300  HUNDRED  TRILLION  HYDROGEN  BOMBS!!

THAT  KIND  OF  POWER  THE  HUMAN  MIND  CANNOT  REALLY  UNDERSTAND;  BUT  IT  WIPED  OUT  THE  AGE  OF  THE  DINOSAURS;  IT  MADE  VEGETATION  INTO  COAL  FIELDS  AND  OIL  FIELDS  UNDER  THE  SURFACE  OR  AS  LIKE  THE  TAR-SANDA  OF  ALBERTA/SASKATCHEWAN  IN  CANADA.  IT  CREATED  THE  STRATA   LAYERS  OF  THE  EARTH;  IT  PUT  SOME  OF  THE  DINOSAUR  REMAINS  NEAR  THE  TOP  AS  IN  THE  HILLS  OF  DRUMHELLER,  ALBERTA.  GOD  BRINGING  FORTH  THE  HILLS  AND  MOUNTAINS  IN  GENESIS  ONE,  DID  MANY  DIFFERENT  THINGS  WITH  THE  STRATA,  AND  ALL  IT  CONTAINS,  TO  BLIND  AND  CONTRADICT  AT  TIMES  THE  MIND  OF  THE  EVOLUTIONIST  -  Keith Hunt)

The Seemingly Impossible Events of a Worldwide Flood Are Credible, If Examined Closely.

128. Water above Mountains?

Is there enough water to cover all the earth's pre-flood mountains in a global flood? Most people do not realize that the volume of water on earth is ten times greater than the volume of all land above sea level.

Most of the earth's mountains consist of tipped and buckled sedimentary layers. Because these sediments were initially laid down through water as nearly horizontal layers, those mountains must have been pushed up after the sediments were deposited. [See pages 105-141.]

If the effects of compressing the continents and buckling up mountains were reversed, the oceans would again flood the entire earth. Therefore, the earth has enough water to cover the smaller mountains that existed before the flood. (If the solid earth were perfectly smooth, the water depth would be about 9,000 feet everywhere.)

(THERE  IS  NO  QUESTION  BETWEEN  THE  EARTH  AND  SEAS  ETC.  IN  THE  DINOSAUR  AGE,  ABLE  TO  COVER  THE  EARTH.  IN  THAT  AGE  WE  DO  NOT  KNOW  HOW  HIGH  THE  MOUNTAINS  OR  HILLS  WERE.  BUT  THE  FACT  IS  WE  COME  UPON  THE  SCENE  OF  THE  EARTH  IN  GENESIS  1:1-2  WHEN  THE  EARTH  WAS  COVERED  WITH  WATER;  THE  ONLY  TIME  THE  WHOLE  EARTH  WAS  SO  COVERED;  WE  HAVE  SEEN  THE  AUTHOR  GIVE  AN  IDEA  OF  THE  DESTRUCTIVE  FORCE.  THIS  WAS  ALL  DURING  THE  BATTLE  OF  THE  UNIVERSE,  BETWEEN  THE  DEVIL  AND  HIS  DEMONS  AND  THE  GOD  OF  HEAVEN  AND  HIS  ANGELS;  ALL  GIVEN  IN  OTHER  STUDIES  ON  THIS  WEBSITE  -  THEN  ALL  THAT  DESTRUCTIVE  FORCE  MAKES  SENSE  -  Keith Hunt)

129. Shells on Mountains

Every major mountain range on earth contains fossilized sea life—far above sea level and usually far from the nearest body of water. Attempts to explain "shells on mountaintops" have generated controversy for centuries.

An early explanation was that a global flood covered these mountains, allowing clams and other sea life to "crawl" far and high. However, as Leonardo da Vinci wrote, under the best conditions, clams move too slowly to reach such heights, even if the flood lasted hundreds of years; besides, the earth does not have enough water to cover these mountains. Others said that some sea bottoms sank, leaving adjacent sea bottoms (loaded with sea creatures) relatively high—what we today call mountains. How such large subterranean voids formed to allow this sinking was never explained. Still others proposed that sea bottoms rose to become mountains. Mechanisms for pushing up mountains were also never satisfactorily explained. Because elevations on earth change slowly, some wondered if sea bottoms could rise miles into the air, perhaps over millions of years. However, mountaintops erode relatively rapidly—and so should fossils slowly lifted by them. Furthermore, mountaintops accumulate few sediments that might protect such fossils. Some early authorities, in frustration, said the animals grew inside rocks—or the rocks simply look like clams, corals, fish, and ammonites. Some denied the evidence even existed.

The means by which mountains were pushed up in hours during a global flood will soon be presented. The mechanism is simple, the energy and forces are sufficient, and supporting evidence (pages 103-313) is voluminous— not just sea shells on mountains.

(WHATEVER  THE  EVIDENCE  IN  THE  AUTHOR'S  MIND,  THE  ANSWER  IS  QUITE  SIMPLE;  THE  FLOOD  OF  GENESIS  1:1-2  PUT  SOME  SEA  SHELLS  AND  CREATURES  OF  THE  WATER  ON  THE  TOP;  WHEN  GOD  FORMED  THE  MOUNTAINS  OF  GENESIS  ONE,  SOME  STRATA  CONTAINING  SEA  SHELLS  AND  ETC.  WERE  AT  THE  TOP  OF  THE  MOUNTAINS  AND  HILLS;  NO  FANCY  MECHANISM  IS  NEEDED  BUT  GOD  TO  FORM  THE  MOUNTAINS  BY  THE  WORD  OF  HIS  MOUTH,  THE  STRATA  PUSHING  UP  -  Keith Hunt)

Figure 40: Ark in Football Stadium

This sketch shows how the Ark would fit into a football stadium. The Ark is frequently depicted as a small boat by those who have not bothered to check its dimensions. It was 300 cubits long, 50 cubits wide, and 30 cubits tall. While there were several ancient cubits (generally the distance from a man's elbow to the extended fingers), a cubit was typically 1.5 feet or slightly longer. The 500-foot-long Ark would snugly fit in a football stadium and would be taller than a four-story building.

(THE  AUTHOR  ADMITS  ONE  TRUTH;  SEVERAL  ANCIENT  CUBITS.  IN  THE  FULL  LENGTH  STUDY  ON  THIS  WEBSITE  CALLED  "NOAH'S  FLOOD  WAS  NOT  UNIVERSAL"  THIS  SUBJECT  OF  THE  CUBIT  IS  DEALT  WITH  IN  DETAIL.  THE  FACT  REMAINS  IT  CANNOT  BE  PROVED  WHAT  LENGTH  THE  CUBIT  WAS  IN  NOAH'S  TIME;   HENCE  THE  ARK  COULD  HAVE  BEEN  MUCH  SMALLER  THAN  THE  AUTHOR  GIVES  -  Keith Hunt)

This sketch of the Ark is based on George Hagopian's credible account (page 44). This Ark does not look like a boat. It has a flat bottom, is not streamlined, and has windows in its top. The flat bottom would have made loading on dry land possible. Streamlined shapes are important only for ships designed for speed and fuel efficiency—neither of which applied to the Ark. Windows in the side might be nice for the passengers (or for the proverbial giraffes to stick their necks out), but side windows limit the depth of submergence and the maximum load. Riding low in the water gives a boat great stability. Actually, the Hebrew word for Ark does not mean boat, it means box, coffin, or chest—an apt description unknown to Hagopian.

(WHILE  A  KIND  OF  BOX  SHAPE  I  CAN  AGREE  WITH;  WHAT  ELSE  THE  ARK  LOOKED  LIKE  IS  PURELY  SPECULATION;  EVEN  A  BOX-SHAPED  ARK  IS  SPECULATION,  BUT  SPECULATION  THAT  IS  LOGICAL  AS  STREAMLINED  SHAPE  WAS  NOT  NEEDED  -  Keith Hunt)

130. Flood Legends

A gigantic flood may be the most common of all legends—ever. Almost every ancient culture had legends telling of a traumatic flood in which only a few humans survived in a large boat. This cannot be said for other types of catastrophes, such as earthquakes, fires, volcanic eruptions, disease, famines, or drought. More than 230 flood legends contain man as common elements, suggesting they have a common historical source that left a vivid impression on survivors of that catastrophe.

(AND  INDEED  SO;  ALREADY  COMMENTED  ON  -  Keith Hunt)

131. Was There Room?

Could the Ark have held all the animals? Easily. [See Figure 40.] A few humans, some perhaps hired by others, could build a boat large enough to hold representatives of every air-breathing land animal—perhaps 16,000 animals in all. (Of course, sea creatures did not need to be on the Ark. Nor did insects or amphibians. Only mammals, birds, reptiles, and humans. Much plant life survived the flood in a surprisingly simple way.) The Ark, having at least 1,500,000 cubic feet of space, was adequate to hold these animals, their provisions, and all their other needs for one year.

(NOW  WHY  WOULD  INSECTS  AND  AMPHIBIANS  BE  EXEMPT?  PLANT  LIFE  SURVIVED  THIS  FLOOD?  DID  YOU  REMEMBER  WHAT  THE  AUTHOR  SAID  THE  DESTRUCTIVE  POWER  WAS?  HOW  COULD  ANYTHING  SURVIVE  300  TRILLION  HYDROGEN  BOMBS?  NOT  AT  ALL  LOGICAL;  BUT  PUT  IN  THE  CONTEXT  OF  GENESIS  1:1-2  AND  A  WAR  BETWEEN  SATAN  AND   GOD,  THEN  SUCH  A  DESTRUCTIVE  FORCE  IS  UNDERSTANDABLE,  AND  THE  DESTRUCTION  OF  THE  DINOSAUR  AGE  AND  THE  EARTH  COVERED  WITH  WATER,  I  SUBMIT  MAKES  GOOD  SENSE  -  Keith Hunt)

Since the flood, many offspring of those on the Ark would have become reproductively isolated to some degree due to mutations, natural genetic variations, and geographic dispersion. Thus, variations within a kind have proliferated. Each variation or species we see today did not have to be on the Ark. For example, a pair of wolflike animals were probably ancestors of the coyotes, dingoes, jackals, and hundreds of varieties of domestic dogs. (This is micro evolution, not macro evolution, because each member of the dog kind can interbreed and has the same organs and genetic structure.) Could the Ark have held dinosaurs and elephants? Certainly, if they were young.

……….

WHY  DID  DINOSAURS  AND  ELEPHANTS  HAVE  TO  BE  YOUNG?  WELL  TO  MAKE  IT  FIT  INTO  A  WORLDWIDE  FLOOD  AT  NOAH'S  TIME. 

MUTATIONS  ARE  COVERED  IN  DETAIL  IN  ANOTHER  STUDY  ON  THIS  WEBSITE.

THE  AUTHOR  OBVIOUSLY  IT  WOULD  SEEM,  DOES  NOT  BELIEVE  IN  A  "DINOSAUR  AGE"  BEFORE  GENESIS  1:2.  AN  AGE  THAT  WAS  DESTROYED  BY  A  HUGE  FORCE,  AS  THE  AUTHOR  CAN  ADMIT  WAS  300  TRILLION  HYDROGEN  BOMBS;  BUT  HE  PUTS  IT  IN  NOAH'S  TIME.

THERE  IS  MUCH  MORE  TO  THE  QUESTION  OF  NOAH'S  FLOOD  COVERING  THE  WHOLE  EARTH.  MANY  THINGS  THIS  AUTHOR  WALT  BROWN  HAS  NOT  STUDIED;  AS  I  HAD  NOT  STUDIED  TILL  15  YEARS  AGO.  THE  STUDY  THAT  CHANGED  MY  MIND  ON  A  WORLDWIDE  NOAH'S  FLOOD  IS  ON  THIS  WEBSITE,  CALLED  "NOAH'S  FLOOD  WAS  NOT  UNIVERSAL."  UNDER  THE  MISCELLANEOUS  SECTION.

THE  READER  NEEDS  TO  STUDY  AND  MEDITATE  ON  THIS  STUDY  OF  NOAH'S  FLOOD;  IT  WILL  OPEN  YOUR  MIND  TO  TRUTHS  YOU'VE  PROBABLY  NEVER  THOUGHT  ABOUT  BEFORE.

Keith Hunt